Introduction to the Diversity of Sign Languages

Sign languages are as diverse as spoken languages, with hundreds of sign languages used across the globe. These languages are often regionally and culturally specific, adapted to the needs and communication styles of the deaf communities where they exist. This article aims to explore the variety of sign languages, their differences, and some unique features that set them apart, including American Sign Language (ASL), Signed Exact English (SEE), and North American Indian Sign Language (NAISL).

Sign Languages Around the World

Similar to the vast diversity of spoken languages, there are numerous sign languages in use around the world. The most well-known is American Sign Language (ASL), which is widely used in the United States and some other English-speaking countries. ASL is rich in cultural and regional variations, which we will explore further in this text.

American Sign Language (ASL)

ASL is the dominant sign language in the United States. It is not a direct translation of English into signs but has its own grammar and syntax. ASL has several regional and geographical variations within American deaf communities. Some notable variants include:

Black American Sign Language (BASL) which shares linguistic features with African American Vernacular English (AAVE) Pidgin Signed English (PSE) which combines elements of both signed and spoken English American Signed English (ASE) which is a more grammatically simplified version of signed English

Each of these variations includes unique handshapes, finger-spelling patterns, and grammatical structures that cater to regional and cultural contexts.

Sign Exact English (SEE)

SEE is a verbose sign language that closely mirrors spoken English word-for-word. It is more common in educational settings where visual learning is promoted. SEE can be quite tedious and may not be the most efficient means of communication. For example, the sentence 'I am going to the store do you want to go' is simplified in ASL:

ASL: I store go, you want?

However, in SEE, it would be signed in a more laborious way, lacking clear cut expressions and being overly detailed often making it less user-friendly and less compact.

North American Indian Sign Language (NAISL)

NAISL is one of the lesser-known sign languages. Originally developed by Native American communities, it has been less popularized outside of these communities despite its rich cultural heritage. In the past, NAISL was used in American Indian sign language ceremonies, which were typically held within communities.

Interest in NAISL has been rekindled in the past few decades as cultural revitalization efforts have gained momentum. Scouts in Native American communities sometimes use NAISL in their ceremonies, a tradition that continues to hold considerable cultural significance. These ceremonies are notable for their visual impact, and those who are fluent in NAISL can earn a special award, often featuring a pictograph, for their proficiency.

Conclusion

Like spoken languages, sign languages vary significantly both between and within regions. Each sign language has its unique characteristics and influences, just as spoken languages do. From the complexity of ASL and its regional variants to the more word-for-word SEE, and the rich cultural heritage of NAISL, sign languages reflect the diversity and dynamic nature of human communication.

Understanding and recognizing the differences in sign languages can foster better communication and respect for cultural and linguistic diversity. By exploring these unique sign languages, we can gain a deeper appreciation for the global tapestry of human communication.