Understanding the Differences Between Disabled Blinded and Visually Impaired
In today's society, terms such as 'blind' and 'visually impaired' are commonly used, often interchangeably. However, there are distinct differences between the two. This article aims to clarify these differences and enhance understanding of the spectrum of visual impairment.
What is Visual Impairment?
Visual Impairment is a term used broadly to describe a wide range of functional vision challenges. It can be characterized by significant limitations in vision that are not corrected to normal by glasses, contact lenses, medication, or surgery. Some individuals with visual impairment can see, but not well enough to perform everyday activities like driving, reading, or recognizing faces without assistance. Others might have a limited field of vision or light perception only.
What is Blindness?
Blindness is a more specific term, indicating the absence of functional vision, even with the most effective correction. It is formally defined in various ways across different regions and contexts. For example, in the United Kingdom, legal blindness is defined as having a best-corrected visual acuity of 20/200 or less in the better eye, meaning the ability to see only what a person with 'normal' vision can see at 200 meters.
Types of Visual Impairment and Their Definitions
Disabled Blinded vs. Visually Impaired
Not all visually impaired individuals are totally blind. Those with visual impairment might have some degree of sight, even if it's minimal. The severity of visual impairment can range from mild to severe, and the impact on daily activities can vary widely among individuals. For instance, someone with a best-corrected vision of worse than 20/40 (which is still better than the legal definition of blindness) might not be eligible for a driver's license but could still live a relatively normal life.
Corrected Vision
People who wear glasses or contacts to correct their vision to 20/20 might not consider themselves visually impaired. However, they still have some degree of limitation compared to those who don't wear corrective lenses. Removing the glasses or contacts can result in a loss of peripheral focus and clarity, making tasks like reading or recognizing faces more difficult. Similarly, those with implanted lenses or who have undergone LASIK surgery might no longer meet the definition of visual impairment but could still have some residual vision challenges.
Presbyopia
Presbyopia is a condition that affects nearly everyone as they age and is characterized by difficulty focusing on close objects. While it might not meet the strict medical definition of visual impairment, it still can significantly impact reading and performing detailed tasks. Without corrective lenses, presbyopic individuals find it challenging to read fine print or maintain focus for extended periods.
Social and Medical Definitions
The terms 'blind' and 'visually impaired' are sometimes used interchangeably, but they carry different connotations in different contexts. In medical and legal contexts, 'visual impairment' is a broader term that includes a wide spectrum of conditions, from minor to severe. In everyday language, people might use 'blind' for anyone with any degree of sight loss, which can sometimes include mild visual impairment.
Concluding Thoughts
Understanding the differences between 'disabled blinded' and 'visually impaired' is crucial for accurate communication and proper support. Recognizing the various degrees of visual impairment and the specific challenges faced by individuals can help in providing better assistance and adapting environments to accommodate their needs. Whether through visual aids, assistive technology, or social accommodations, supporting those with visual impairment enhances their quality of life and independence.