Understanding MD vs DO Degrees: Differences in Training, Philosophy, and Practice

MD vs DO: An Overview

In the medical field, two primary types of medical degrees are offered: the Doctor of Medicine (MD) and the Doctor of Osteopathy (DO). While initially characterized by their different training and philosophies, both degrees are sought after for their ability to offer comprehensive healthcare. This article explores the distinctions between MD and DO, and how a medical practitioner can determine which degree they hold.

Differences in Training and Philosophy

Philosophical Approach

One of the key differences between MD and DO lies in their fundamental philosophies. MD graduates, who hold a Doctor of Medicine degree, focus on allopathic medicine, which typically involves treating illnesses and injuries by alleviating symptoms and prescribing medication. In contrast, DO graduates, who hold a Doctor of Osteopathy degree, adopt a more holistic approach, emphasizing the body's self-healing capabilities and the importance of preventative care and natural healing processes.

Curriculum Differences

While both MD and DO programs require students to complete rigorous academic and clinical training, there are some notable differences in the curriculum. DO students receive an additional 200 hours of training in Osteopathic Manipulative Medicine (OMM), which is a hands-on technique used to diagnose and treat musculoskeletal conditions. This additional training makes DO graduates well-versed in holistic medical care.

Both MD and DO programs require students to complete a residency after graduation, where they gain hands-on experience in specialized medical fields such as cardiology, oncology, or pediatrics for MDs, and a similar range of specialties for DOs. Upon completion of their residency, both MD and DO graduates are eligible to practice medicine in most states and internationally.

Practical Implications and Specialization

Practical Highlight: On-site Patient Care

During medical school and training, MDs and DOs both provide patient care and participate in rotations. However, their approaches may differ slightly. MDs may lean more towards traditional medical practices, while DOs integrate more OMM techniques into their care.

Specialization Opportunities

Both MDs and DOs can choose to specialize in various fields. MDs often specialize in areas like cardiology, neurology, or pediatrics, while DOs may focus on areas like sports medicine, orthopedics, or family medicine, leveraging their knowledge of OMM.

Admissions Criteria and Non-traditional Students

Average Admissions Criteria

The admissions criteria for MD and DO programs vary, and the data provided gives a snapshot of the average requirements. For MD programs, the typical average GPA and MCAT scores for matriculants are 3.75 and 512, respectively. In contrast, DO schools accept applicants with an average GPA of 3.6 and MCAT scores of 505. These differences suggest that DO schools may be more inclusive of non-traditional students who bring unique experiences to the table.

Admission of Non-traditional Students

DO schools tend to have a more diverse pool of applicants, including those who may not have the highest GPA or MCAT scores but bring extensive life or pre-med experiences. This inclusivity makes DO programs an attractive option for individuals who may have faced challenges in traditional academic settings.

Conclusion

The decision to pursue an MD or DO degree ultimately depends on a physician's personal philosophy and career goals. Both degrees offer similar levels of training and accreditation, but DOs have a more holistic approach to medicine that includes OMM. Understanding the differences between MD and DO can help potential medical students make informed choices about their education and future career paths.

Keywords: MD, DO, medical degree, osteopathic medicine