The Unusual Pursuit of Multiple PhDs: Case Studies and Insights

The pursuit of a PhD typically takes between one to ten years, but some individuals have managed to acquire multiple PhDs, even up to eight or twelve. This article delves into the rare cases where individuals achieved such an unusual feat, their motivations, and the factors that enabled them to succeed.

Unsolved Problems and Late Classes: George Dantzig

One of the most famous examples of someone completing a PhD very quickly is George Dantzig. He completed his PhD at the University of California, Berkeley, in less than a year. Interestingly, his dissertation, a 12-page document, consisted of two "chapters" that were later published as papers. Within a year after his PhD, Dantzig invented the Simplex Algorithm, which revolutionized the field of Linear Programming.

According to a true story about Dantzig, he was late for class one day and saw two unsolved problems written on the board. Mistakenly assuming they were homework, Dantzig spent weeks working on them. Professor Jerzy Neumann, the instructor, later revealed that those problems had been unsolved in mathematical statistics. This episode demonstrates Dantzig's remarkable dedication and talent.

H. O. Hartley: Three Degrees in Mathematics and Statistics

A notable example of someone with three PhDs is H. O. Hartley. He earned degrees from the University of Berlin and Cambridge University, as well as a third PhD in Mathematical Statistics from the University of London, King's College. Hartley's dissertation advisor in London was Egon Pearson, a colleague of Jerzy Neyman, who was Dantzig's advisor. This network of statisticians and mathematicians highlights the interconnected nature of the academic world.

Challenges and Rare Achievements

While a few individuals like Dantzig and Hartley manage to achieve multiple PhDs, it is far more common for people to falsely claim such accomplishments. Ben S. Harris, a prolific forger of academic credentials, admitted to creating fake multiple PhDs in various fields. The rarity of true multiple PhDs means that those who achieve it stand out as exceptional cases.

Factors Contributing to Multiple PhDs

Obtaining multiple PhDs is a rare but somewhat achievable feat for those with specific motivations and resources. Here are the key factors:

Time and Commitment: While a typical PhD program takes 4-6 years, some individuals pursue multiple degrees over an extended period, often spanning decades. Simultaneous enrollment is less common but not impossible. Field of Study: Certain fields may have shorter programs or less rigorous requirements, allowing for faster completion of additional degrees. Interdisciplinary fields can also offer more flexibility. Transfer of Credits: Some programs permit the transfer of credits or research work from previous degrees, reducing the time needed for subsequent PhDs. Part-time Study: Part-time enrollment while balancing work or other academic interests allows for the pursuit of multiple degrees over a lifetime. Institutional Policies: Flexible policies at some universities permit concurrent enrollment in multiple PhD programs, especially if the related fields do not conflict. Motivation and Resources: Strong motivation, financial support, and a robust network of peers and mentors can significantly enhance the chances of obtaining multiple PhDs.

These factors highlight the complex and often challenging process of achieving multiple PhDs, making it a rare and distinguished accomplishment.

Conclusion

The pursuit of multiple PhDs is a testament to the remarkable dedication and intellectual capabilities of a select few. While these cases are rare, the insights into their achievements and the factors that contributed to their success can inspire and guide future scholars in their pursuit of academic excellence.