The Repercussions of a Less Than Honorable Discharge from the Military
The military, while providing a rewarding career and pathway to a fulfilling life, comes with its set of high standards and expectations. When these are not met, the consequences can significantly impact a veteran's life well beyond the military years. This article explores the various types of military discharges, their impact on benefits, employment, legal standing, and reputation.
Understanding Military Discharges
There are several types of discharges within the military framework. Each type carries its unique implications and long-term effects on a veteran's life, making it essential to understand their differences:
Honorable Discharge
Granted for satisfactory performance, those with an Honorable Discharge are eligible for most veterans’ benefits including healthcare, education, and housing assistance. They may also have better opportunities for re-enlistment. Many employers view this discharge positively, recognizing the service and dedication.
General Discharge
General Discharges indicate performance that met most but not all standards. While usually associated with certain eligibility for benefits, it may not be as favorable as an Honorable Discharge. Employers generally view this as a more neutral status compared to an Other Than Honorable (OTH) or a Bad Conduct (BCD) discharge.
Other Than Honorable (OTH) Discharge
OTH discharges result from misconduct or failure to comply with military regulations. This type of discharge can severely limit access to veterans’ benefits and future employment opportunities. Employers may view an OTH as a mark of poor conduct, significantly hindering job prospects. In terms of legal implications, certain OTH discharges can impact civil rights, such as the right to own firearms.
Bad Conduct Discharge (BCD)
BCDs are usually issued after a court-martial for serious offenses. These discharges are the most restrictive, severely limiting benefits and future employment opportunities. An individual with a BCD is likely to face significant challenges in finding employment and maintaining civil rights.
Dishonorable Discharge
The most severe type of discharge, a Dishonorable Discharge, typically results from serious criminal offenses. This can lead to a loss of all military benefits and can severely impact civil rights. Examples include loss of voting rights and the right to own firearms. The process to receive a Dishonorable Discharge is rigorous, involving legal proceedings and often a court-martial.
The Consequences of Various Discharges
Benefits
Discharge status significantly affects eligibility for veterans’ benefits. An Honorable Discharge offers the most comprehensive benefits, while OTH, BCD, and Dishonorable Discharges offer significantly fewer benefits or none at all. Employers and public agencies often use discharge status as a factor in hiring and providing services.
Employment
Oversight from the Human Resources department at companies often includes reviewing an applicant's military discharge. Employers may view OTH, BCD, and Dishonorable Discharges negatively, affecting job prospects. These discharges can limit the range of industries and opportunities available, leading to greater difficulty in finding stable employment.
Legal Implications
Discharge status can also affect an individual's civil rights. Certain OTH, BCD, and Dishonorable Discharges can impact the ability to own firearms, which can further limit the individual's freedom and options. These discharges can also affect voting rights and eligibility for certain government programs.
Reputation and Personal Relationships
Being discharged from the military, particularly with a less than honorable discharge, can significantly impact a person's reputation and personal relationships. Socially and professionally, having a less than honorable discharge may affect how others perceive the individual, leading to challenges in rebuilding personal and professional networks.
The Process of Discharge
The process of being discharged typically involves several critical steps:
Investigation
Depending on the circumstances, an investigation into the reasons for the discharge may be conducted. This can involve gathering evidence and testimony to establish the truth behind the discharge.
Review Board
Service members have the opportunity to present their case to a discharge review board. This board reviews the evidence and makes a recommendation to the responsible authority.
Appeal
In some cases, individuals can appeal their discharge status, especially if they believe it was unjust. This process can involve formal channels and advocacy groups to support and guide the appeal process.
Conclusion
Being discharged from the military can have significant long-term consequences. The type of discharge plays a crucial role in determining the extent of these effects. It is important for individuals who find themselves facing discharge to seek legal advice and support from veteran organizations. This support can help them navigate the complex process and minimize the impact of discharge on their future.