The First Language Learned: A Comparative Study of Nepali and English

Language is a vital component of human culture and identity, reflecting the unique heritage and worldview of different peoples. In the context of Nepal, the journey of learning one's first language is a rich and nuanced experience. This article delves into the process of learning and prioritizing languages, particularly Nepali and English, shedding light on the educational practices and societal implications.

Introduction to Language Learning in Nepal

Being born in Nepal, my first language was Nepali, a language deeply rooted in the country's rich cultural heritage. This shared language acts as a unifying force, binding Nepalese people across diverse ethnic and cultural backgrounds. Conversely, English, while not a native language, holds significant importance due to its widespread global use and practical implications. My personal experience mirrors the broader trend in Nepal, where bilingualism (or even trilingualism) is increasingly common among the younger generations.

The Focus on English in Education

Upon entering the formal education system, English takes center stage, often at the expense of native languages. Schools in Nepal typically introduce English alongside the mother tongue, an approach that aims to prepare students for the globalized world. However, the emphasis on English often leads to a neglect of indigenous languages, fostering a sense of alienation from one's cultural roots among the youth.

In my own experience, the administration of my school was particularly stringent about language practices. Speaking anything other than English could result in penalties, including fines and public reprimands. This approach was intended to enforce linguistic standards and improve English proficiency, but it also perpetuated a cultural divide. The belief that mandatory English instruction would inherently improve linguistic skills lacks empirical support and could be counterproductive.

Interest in Learning drives Language Acquisition

Unlike the prescribed school environment, interest and motivation greatly influence the success of language learning. Those who show a genuine interest in learning English often excel, even without formal instruction. In contrast, those who do not see the value in the language may struggle, despite being exposed to it early in life. The effectiveness of language learning is closely tied to personal enthusiasm and the practical utility of the language in day-to-day life.

Modern parents in Nepal often introduce the alphabet to their children early, recognizing the value of English in both personal and professional spheres. In my family, there were instances where some of my relatives' children were brought up speaking only English, leading to discomfort when using their native language. This highlights the adaptability and flexibility of the younger generation but also the loss of linguistic diversity in the broader society.

Impact and Reflections

The prioritization of English in education and daily life has both positive and negative consequences. On the one hand, the ability to speak English is highly valued and provides numerous opportunities, particularly in the context of tourism and global trade. Yet, this focus can overshadow the rich cultural heritage and linguistic diversity of Nepal. With around 125 different ethnic groups and 123 different languages spoken as mother tongues, there is a pressing need to preserve and promote these indigenous languages within the curriculum and societal practices.

Despite the many benefits, I acknowledge the importance of English in global communication and the economic benefits it brings to countries like Nepal. It is crucial for parents, educators, and policymakers to strike a balance between nurturing these external languages and preserving the cultural authenticity of indigenous languages. Encouraging communicative bilingualism, where fluency in both languages is valued, may be a more effective approach to striking this balance.

Conclusion

The path of learning one's first language is a complex interplay of cultural, educational, and personal factors. In Nepal, the trend towards English as a primary learning language reflects broader global trends in language acquisition. However, as the world becomes more interconnected, it is vital to recognize and respect the invaluable role of indigenous languages. Ultimately, fostering a more inclusive approach to language education can enrich the cultural tapestry of Nepal and ensure the continued vitality of its linguistic diversity.