The Difference Between an Associate of Science and an Associate of Arts

When choosing an associate degree, a potential student may wonder what the difference is between an associate of science (A.S.) and an associate of arts (A.A.). While both degrees provide the foundation for a bachelor's degree, there are key distinctions that can shape a student's educational and professional path. This article will delve into these differences, the requirements for each, and their common applications.

General Overview: A.S. vs. A.A.

From a broad perspective, the choice between an associate of science or an associate of arts largely depends on a student's academic and career goals. Both degrees typically cover the first two years of a bachelor's degree and enable students to transfer to a four-year institution. However, the distribution and emphasis of course work differ significantly between the two degrees.

Science vs. Arts: Core Course Requirements

Generally, degrees in science focus on physical sciences and related academic disciplines, with an emphasis on applied science. An associate of applied science (AAS) is a career-focused program, offering practical skills in specific fields. In contrast, an associate of arts (A.A.) degree involves a broader range of liberal arts and sciences, covering humanities, social sciences, and the fine arts.

Example: University of Florida

At the University of Florida, for example, all students, including approximately 25,000, receive an Associate of Arts (A.A.) degree upon completion of their sophomore year. This is because all students are required to take a core set of 12 general education courses, including English, History, Humanities, Science, Mathematics, and Biology, plus a foreign language. This structure allows students to explore a variety of academic disciplines before specializing further in their chosen field.

Comparative Structure

The science designation typically requires a higher number of science and math courses. For instance, in New York State, the requirements are more flexible. 75% of the work for an A.A. degree must be in the liberal arts and sciences (humanities, natural sciences, and mathematics), while only 50% of an A.S. degree must be in these fields. Consequently, the A.S. program may include more career-oriented and applied coursework than the A.A. program.

A2A: Associate of Arts Degrees

An A.A. degree is designed for students who are interested in a broad range of subjects and career paths. It emphasizes the humanities, social sciences, and the arts. The typical curriculum includes:

Studies in social sciences Exposure to humanities, including literature and fine arts Foreign language General education courses that provide a diverse academic background

Students seeking a bachelor's degree in fields like English, history, or fine arts should aim for an A.A. This degree is also highly transferable, making it a flexible choice for students who are still exploring their interests.

A2A: Associate of Science Degrees

In contrast, an A.S. degree is geared towards students who plan to pursue a bachelor's degree in a science-related field. The A.S. typically includes a broader range of science and math courses, and some programs may also include career-oriented coursework. The emphasis on math and science aligns with the goal of preparing students for advanced studies in fields such as biology, chemistry, physics, or engineering.

Key Differences

Compared to an A.A., an A.S. usually has fewer general education requirements, allowing students to focus more on science and math. This makes the A.S. a more specialized and career-oriented choice. For example, an associate of science in nursing or technology would require fewer humanities and social sciences courses than an associate of arts in the same field.

Conclusion

Choosing between an A.A. and an A.S. degree involves considering your academic and career goals. An A.A. degree provides a well-rounded, general education and is highly transferable, while an A.S. degree emphasizes science and math, making it a more specialized choice for those pursuing science-related fields. By carefully considering the course requirements and potential transfer options, students can make an informed decision that aligns with their academic and professional aspirations.