The Deliberate Classification of 18-25 Year Olds: Kids or Adults?
When it comes to classifying individuals aged 18-25, the question of whether they are kids or adults often arises. This classification is often nuanced, with these young adults showing characteristics of both children and adults as they navigate significant life changes.
Lifecycle and Developments
From a legal standpoint, the 18-25 age group is considered fully adults. However, psychologically and developmentally, these individuals might still exhibit behaviors and responsibilities associated with adolescence. This is an area of much debate and academic inquiry, as the transition from adolescence to young adulthood is a gradual and varied process. For instance, the frontal lobes of the brain, which are crucial for decision-making, are not fully developed until around the age of 25, suggesting a prolonged period of developmental plasticity.
Legal and Biblical Perspectives
Historically and religiously, the biblical definition of adulthood differs from modern legal standards. The Bible often defines adulthood differently, with many references suggesting adulthood kicks in at around the age of 20. For example, in the Bible, individuals at 20 were expected to pay temple taxes and serve in military service, indicating full adulthood. Additionally, figures like King Josiah at 20 years old demonstrate the early recognition of adult responsibilities in ancient times.
Contemporary Social Science Perspectives
Modern social scientists propose a more nuanced view of young adulthood. The Council for Social Work Education (CSWE) defines young adulthood as a transition phase that extends well into the mid-twenties. This view is rooted in both the life span and life course perspectives:
Life Span Theoretical Attributes
Life span perspective emphasizes the continuity and development across the lifespan. According to this view, the brain continues to develop through early 20s, even though cognition may be fully developed by 18. This development is not complete without a period of trial and error, allowing for the refinement of critical thinking and decision-making skills.
Life Course Theoretical Attributes
Life course perspective focuses on the variability and evolution of developmental milestones over time. This includes the extended dependence on parents for financial support and the subsequent development of autonomous decision-making. The point at which an individual feels self-sufficient can vary widely based on cultural, socioeconomic, and individual factors.
Transition to Adulthood
The transition to adulthood is marked by various milestones, such as financial independence, social independence, and the accumulation of life experiences. For many, this transition is not a sudden change but a gradual evolution. The ability to pass exams, acquire necessary credits, and satisfy specific requirements (such as co-signing educational loans with parents) often signifies this transition.
Implications and Nuance
Understanding the complex nature of young adulthood is crucial, especially for educators, policymakers, and counselors. The diverse life trajectories of young adults underscore the importance of a multidisciplinary approach that considers both the biological and social contexts of development. There is no one-size-fits-all definition of adulthood, and recognizing this diversity is essential for providing appropriate support and services.
Conclusion
The classification of young adults as kids or adults is a multifaceted issue influenced by biological, psychological, and social factors. While legally, they are considered adults, their developmental stage is a combination of adolescence and young adulthood. Understanding this nuance is crucial for providing appropriate support and services to this crucial age group.