Exploring the Challenges and Benefits of Learning American Sign Language ASL as a Second Language for Hearing Impaired Children
The development of language skills is a crucial milestone in every child's life, and for hearing impaired children, the choice of their primary language can significantly impact their overall development. American Sign Language (ASL) is often considered a valuable second language option for these children. The decision to introduce ASL can be challenging but also profoundly beneficial.
Assessing the Level of Hearing Impairment
Before we delve into the challenges and benefits of learning ASL, it's essential to understand the varying levels of hearing impairment that children might face. An audiologist can provide a detailed assessment to determine the extent of the hearing loss. This assessment is crucial in deciding the approach to language acquisition.
Some children may acquire their home language in a conventional manner, while others might not develop any spoken language due to the severity of their hearing impairment. It's important for educators and caregivers to work closely with audiologists to tailor the language learning experience to the unique needs of each child.
Challenges with Audible Language
Some educators argue that hearing impaired children should focus more on acquiring audible vocal language, such as spoken English, before introducing sign language. They believe that this approach can help minimize the risk of "oral failures," a term sometimes used to describe the challenges faced by children who cannot produce intelligible speech.
Children who are not able to speak audibly or whose abilities to produce speech are limited may choose to communicate through written language or gestures. While these methods can be effective, they do not provide the same immediate and interactive communication benefits that sign language can offer.
Benefits of Early Exposure to ASL
On the other hand, many experts advocate for early and frequent exposure to ASL. For children with moderate to severe hearing impairment, regular sign language use can provide a wealth of linguistic and social benefits. When deaf children are exposed to their local sign language, it can facilitate a more natural and engaging learning environment.
ASL can help these children access family conversations and discussions on a wide range of topics, from discussions about science and nature to recounting family vacations or personal experiences. This exposure can drive a child's motivation to communicate effectively and can simplify social interactions by allowing them to express themselves more easily.
Language Access and Therapeutic Benefits
Language access is critical for the cognitive and social development of hearing impaired children. For many, using ASL can be a more stress-free and enjoyable way to communicate. Children who learn and use ASL can thrive, especially when given the opportunity to understand and use sign language from an early age.
Additionally, research has shown that early exposure to sign language can enhance speech therapy and oralism. While oralism can be beneficial, it can also be overwhelming and stressful for some children. Sign language provides an alternative method of communication that can reduce anxiety and improve overall communication skills.
Conclusion
The choice between focusing on audible vocal language and introducing ASL as a second language depends on the specific needs and auditory capabilities of each child. While oralism can be challenging and stressful for some, early and frequent exposure to ASL can provide a richer and more accessible language learning experience.
By considering the diverse needs of hearing impaired children and providing them with the tools they need to communicate effectively, educators and caregivers can help these children thrive in a world where language access is crucial for their overall development.