Exploring Interjections in British Sign Language
Introduction to British Sign Language (BSL)
Understanding BSL vs. English
British Sign Language (BSL) is a unique and complex language that does not translate one-to-one with English. Unlike spoken languages, BSL incorporates a wide range of non-verbal elements, including hand shapes, positions, orientations, movements, facial expressions, and lip patterns. This makes BSL a highly structured and comprehensive form of visual communication. While English is primarily a linear language, BSL operates more like a complex system of visual symbols that require a more combinatory approach, much like sheet music in music notation as opposed to lyrics alone.
Absence of Pronouns
One of the distinctive features of BSL is the absence of specific pronouns to refer to individuals. Instead, reference to a particular person is indicated through placement and context. This aspect sets BSL apart from linear languages, where pronouns play a crucial role in clarifying the identity of the speakers and the subjects within a sentence.
Non-Linear Communication in BSL
Expressions vs. Interjections
When considering interjections in BSL, it is important to note that BSL does not have direct equivalents to English interjections. However, BSL does have expressive elements that serve a similar function. Instead of specific interjections, people in BSL use a combination of facial expressions, signs, and the manner in which signs are made to convey emotions and reactions.
Facial Expressions and Signs
During a conversation, the signer can use facial expressions to convey reactions and emotions without needing to use specific interjections. For example, a surprised face or a shaking head can express surprise, disagreement, or affirmation. The signer can also use signs that are modified in terms of speed, vigour, and positioning to convey emotional or reactive elements within the narrative.
Specific Signs for Interjections
The “Umm” Sign
Similar to the way English speakers might use “um” or “erm” to indicate a moment of thinking or retrieving a word, there is a specific sign in BSL for this purpose. This finger-drumming movement, often seen in the forehead area, is used to indicate a moment of thought or hesitation in finding the right sign. This gesture is commonly used by less fluent signers, much like native English speakers might use these interjections.
Conclusion
BSL, while structurally different from English, does have methods to convey the nuances of emotional and reaction-based communication. Interjections, as individualized exclamations, are not directly represented in BSL. However, the language has rich expressive elements that compensate for this. While I, an English native speaker, cannot fully encompass the intricacies of BSL, it is clear that the community and scholars should provide more insight into this fascinating language.