EU Citizens Moving to Germany: A Comprehensive Guide
Are you an EU citizen considering moving to Germany? This comprehensive guide will help you understand the requirements, legal framework, and practical steps involved in establishing residency.
Requirements for Moving to Germany
As an EU citizen, you have the right to live and work in Germany without a visa or permit, thanks to the Schengen Agreement. However, there are a few important steps you need to take to ensure a smooth transition:
1. Employment or Study
Within the first 90 days of your arrival, you must either find employment or a place of study. If you don't, you must demonstrate that you have sufficient financial means to support yourself.
2. Identity Document
The only required document is a valid identity card or passport. No further formalities are necessary.
Residency Registration
After securing your living arrangements, you will need to register your new address with the local municipality (Einwohnermeldeamt, Bürgeramt, or similar) within two weeks. This process is the same for all residents, regardless of nationality or citizenship. Bring along your ID (passport/identity card) and proof of residence (e.g., rental contract).
Official Documentation and Processes
Several essential documents and procedures will be necessary as you settle into your new home:
1. Tax ID Number (Versicherungsnummer)
After registration, you will receive a letter from the Federal Central Tax Office stating your individual tax ID number. This is valid for life and must be provided to your new employer for tax purposes.
2. Health Insurance (Krankenkasse)
Choose a health insurance scheme before starting to work, as one will be assigned to you randomly if you don't. Ensure your choice aligns with your needs.
3. Social Security Number (Rentenversicherungsnummer)
After taking up your new job, you will receive a social security number (Rentenversicherungsnummer). Keep this letter, as it is essential for new employers and other benefits.
Additional Formalities
There are several more documents you should consider for various practical purposes:
1. Liability Insurance
Check if your current liability insurance remains valid in Germany or consider obtaining a new one. While they are relatively inexpensive, they are crucial for protecting against financial ruin without coverage.
2. TV Fee
Even if you don't own a TV, you must pay the broadcasting fee (Rundfunkbeitrag). Register at to avoid fines.
3. Bank Account
You no longer need a German bank account, especially if you already have one in another EU Member State. European payments (SEPA) are nearly identical, but having a local account can offer more convenience and cost savings.
4. Mobile Phone Contract
Consider switching to a German mobile phone provider, as pricing and conditions can differ significantly. Providers might charge extra fees or terminate the contract if you use your old contract more in Germany than your original country.
5. Utility Providers
There are 100 providers offering electricity, gas, and other utilities. While competition is intense, there are potential rip-offs. Be cautious and compare offers.
6. Car Registration
If you own a car, you will need to register it in Germany. Obtain a German insurance, de-register your car in your former Member State, and exchange your plates and papers with the relevant documents.
7. Driving License
Your existing driving license from another EU country is valid in Germany. However, it needs to be registered in Germany, which can usually be done at the same time as address registration.
Final Considerations
Be aware that if you neither work nor actively look for employment and stay in Germany for more than three months, you might be subject to deportation. Always ensure you meet the legal requirements to avoid any issues.
Disclaimer: This guide is for informational purposes only. It does not constitute legal advice, and you should consult with a licensed attorney for specific legal guidance. The views expressed here are personal and not attributed to any entity or unit, and no legal representation is established.