Why Verbal Communication Still Dominates Over Non-Verbal Channels

The notion that 90% of communication is non-verbal has been widespread, but it is based on a misinterpretation of research by Albert Mehrabian. This common belief has led many to question the necessity of sign language, a crucial mode of communication for the deaf and hard-of-hearing community. However, this myth falls apart when we carefully examine the original research and its implications.

The Truth Behind the 7-38-55 Rule

Albert Mehrabian's research, often cited in the context of communication, actually tested the degree to which liking was determined by non-verbal cues, tone of voice, and words. Specifically, he stated that the impression of liking derived from nonverbal cues (55%), tone of voice (38%), and words (7%) can be represented by the following formula:

7% words 38% tone of voice 55% body language total message (innovation basis)

This means that non-verbal cues are indeed important, but they are only one component of communication. Moreover, the context in which this formula was derived (a laboratory study involving rating the person speaking with the attempt to like someone) is substantially different from everyday communication. Applying this formula outside of its original context can lead to significant misunderstandings. As Mehrabian clarifies on his website and his Wikipedia page, the 7-38-55 rule is not applicable to all types of communication, and its application to everyday conversations can be misleading.

Mehrabian, A. (1991). Silent Messages: Implicit Communication of Emotions and Attitudes, 3rd Ed. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.

Differences Between Non-Verbal and Verbal Communication

While non-verbal communication can be highly effective and rich in conveying emotions and attitudes, it often lacks the precision and detail that verbal communication provides. To illustrate, non-verbal cues can give us a good idea of a person’s attitude or emotional state but may fall short when it comes to nuanced or complex ideas. Verbal communication, especially through words and phrases, enables us to articulate sophisticated concepts and convey deeper levels of understanding. This is why spoken language continues to be the dominant form of communication in many professional, social, and personal settings.

Furthermore, verbal communication supports logical reasoning and provides a clear basis for exchange of ideas. For instance, consider a scientific discussion. While non-verbal cues might indicate that someone is excited or confident, only words can truly convey the complexity of the argument and the detailed reasoning behind it. Similarly, in a legal setting, precise language is crucial for the accurate conveyance of arguments and evidence.

The Role of Sign Language

Sign language is a unique and essential form of non-verbal communication that serves as a primary means of communication for many deaf individuals. It encompasses both manual and facial expressions, which in many cases, can indeed convey a high degree of information similar to nuanced verbal communication. For example, American Sign Language (ASL) has a complex grammar and syntax, just like spoken languages, allowing for detailed and nuanced communication. Yet, despite its complexity, sign language often remains a barrier to mainstream society, which primarily relies on verbal language.

Consider a scenario where a hearing individual is discussing a complex topic with a deaf individual. Verbal communication may be more effective in this scenario, as it allows for precision and clarity in conveying complex ideas. In contrast, while sign language can communicate the same ideas effectively, it might not be as immediately understood by a large segment of the population who are not fluent in sign language.

It is also important to recognize that sign language plays a vital role in the social and cultural lives of deaf individuals. It is more than just a tool for communication; it is a language that encapsulates a rich cultural heritage. As such, it is essential to preserve and promote the use of sign language to support the full participation and participation in society of the deaf community.

Conclusion

While non-verbal communication is indeed an essential component of our ability to communicate, it does not overshadow the importance of verbal communication in many contexts. Albert Mehrabian's research has often been misinterpreted, leading to a misunderstanding of the role of non-verbal cues in human interaction. Verbal communication provides a level of detail, precision, and nuance that non-verbal communication cannot match in most scenarios. Recognizing the unique strengths and limitations of both verbal and non-verbal communication is key to effective communication in both personal and professional settings. For the deaf and hard-of-hearing community, sign language remains a crucial and irreplaceable form of communication that should be valued and preserved.

Keywords: verbal communication, non-verbal communication, sign language, Albert Mehrabian